Means for converting motion.



v R; A. SCHOENBERG. a MEANS Foa coNvERTmG MonoN.

APPLICATION FILED JAN'S. |910. 1,182,216. l Patented May 9,1916.

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R. A. SC'HOENBERG.

MEANS FOR CONVERTING MOTION. y

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5, |910.

Patented May-9,1916.

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HNEY RALPH n. sCHoENBEnG, or' NEW 'narran erase ramena vernten.

Yorin, N. Y., Ass'reNon Iro inn. s. nosnNHEni/r', or Naw Yoan, N. Y. i

` MENS FOR CONVERTING llrICJJJION.y

Patented may e, raie.

Application led January 5, 1910. Serial No. 536,548.

To all whom it may 0001061111, f A

Be it lknown that LRALBH A. SCHOEN- nno, a citizen of the United States, and al resident of Newl York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Converting Motion, the same being an improvement upon United States Patent No. 844,455, patented February19, 1907, granted to Klein.

The following is a specification of my' invention taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the same.

This invention relates to means for converting motion or mechanical movements and is adapted for universal application. Simply for the purposes of illustration I have shown one use of my invention apply ing it to an electric switch, but it is to be distinctly understood that my invention is not limited to this or any other particular USG.

`The accompanying drawings showing illustrative embodiments ofV this invention and 1n which the same reference numerals refer to similar parts inthe several figures,-'-Figure 1 is `a vertical sectional view through a mounting showing my invention 30 in side elevation and used as an electric switch; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the mounting, which in Vthis instanceis preferably porcelain or some other insulating material, and a vertical section through the cartridge.; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of my invention, parts being brokenr tridge; Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the cartridge; Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one element. of the locking device with which my' invention 1s preferably, though not necessarily, equipped; F ig. 10 is a blank from which ,the nose piece or driving member is formed; Fig. 11is a perspective view of the nose piece or driving memberformed 'from the blank as shown in Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a perspective view of one of the vertically reciprocating'y members which, the form eoL is a plan view of the blank from which the moving contact is preferably formed; Fig.

17 is a detail perspective view of the moving contact'made from the blank shown in Fig. 1G; Fig.rv 18 is a plan view of certain msulations; Fig. 19 is a plan view of a washer; Fig. 2O is a detail-vertical section showing a modified form of auxiliary spring; Fig. 21 is a detail view of a modification in which the moving contact is equipped with the lockingdevice; and Fig. 22 is a detail sectional view on the line 23-23 of Fig. 21. .s n

In the illustrative embodiments of Athis invention shown in the drawings, 1' (Figs.- 3, 6, 7 and 8) is a support whichfor purposes of description, but with no idea whatever of limiting the invention, will be hereinafter referred to as a cartridge, it being distinctly understood that any suitable support for supporting the elements of iny mechanical movement would come under the terms of my invention. This cartridge orsupport 1 I preferably make from the blank 2, (Fig. 5) which can be stamped or otherwise made lquickly, cheaply and expeditiously from sheet metal or other material. This blank 2 has a bottom portion 3 and sides 4f, i which are bent up from the bottom por` tion 3 along thedotted lines l5, 5 until the sides assume a position substantially at right angles to the bottom portion. The

ends 6, G are then bent along the lines 7 `7 the ends being oppositely` disposed and each closing one end of the cartridge. The ears 8, 8 formedin the ends 6, 6 are then substantially bent at right angles to the sides 6, 6 to form bearings for screws or other securing means 9 (Fig. 2) which vsecure the cartridge and with it the contained mechanism to any suitable base such as a porcelain or other insulating lbase 10 (Fig. 2). The upperportion ofthe end pieces 4.-, et have preferably stamped in them at the same time that'the blank is formed openings or apertures 11, 11 (Figs. 5 and S) for the reception of asecuring member or bridge piece 12 (Figs. 1, 2,4 and 2(1)). Thissingle securing member 12, whichyis also prefer-` 'ably formed of stamped sheet metal not only securesthe two side members 4, 4 together, but it also serves to lock 'and securely hold within the cartridge the other .elements asv will be readily seen for mstance 1n F1g.'2.

Within each side member 4 of the blank.

2 (Fig. 5), I preferably provide segmental slots 13, 13 and an aperture 14 at the center of the same circle of which the segmental -slots 13, 13 are a, part. Within these segmental slots 13, 13 and .the apertures 14 I mount the preferred form of driven member 15 of my mechanical movement. -This'ele- 1 ment may be formed in various ways provided itl is made oftwo ormore parts, as

shown by way of example in Fig. 15.-v

In Fig. 15 II have shown the preferred form ofdriven member which comprises -two wings 16, 16 with an interposed separate pin 17. In this preferred form each wing is provided with astepped recess 18, the larger openings 19, 19 being adapted to receive side levers 2 0, 20 (Figs. 3, 4 and 13), while one wall ofthe smaller portion 21 of the vrecess 18 moves upon the bearing surface 22o-f the -segmental slots 13, 13 (Figs. 4 and 5). This preferred form of dr1 ven member 15 is mounted in the cartridge by locating the axle` or pin 17 within the apertures 14, 14 and the wings 16, 16 within the segmental slots 13, 13 so that they are supported byand move upon 'the bearing surfaces 22, 22 of the cartridge as previously noted. Each end of the wings 16, 16 is provided with a threaded boss 23 which extends without the sides ofthe cartridge 4, 4 carrying, in this particular use of my invention, the moving contact 24 (Figs. 1, 4 and 17) vin a manner hereinafter more Yfully described.

Within the cartridge 1, I also mount one or more driving members 25 (Figs. 2, 11 45,

and 20) which bear upon and coperate with the driven member 15. 4While I will "def scribe and have illustrated two such driving members 25, it is to be distinctly understood that while such an arrangement is the preferred construction of my invention, my invention will operate .with simply onev such drivin member. These driving members l comprise a laterally movable rigid element and a contained resilient member such as a spring 26. For purposes' of ready-description this laterally movable element, with no idea of limiting the invention by using any narrow terminology will be hereafter referred to as a nose piece. This nose piece is preferably formed from a single stamping from sheet metal or other material, making a blank 27 (Fig. 10) This blank is bent upon the line 28 to form the nose 29, the two ends being again bent on the lines 30, 3U to form the top and bottom 31,' 32, the blank which is preferably, though not necessarily, a coil spring 26. Preferably'I make the coils of this spring elliptical to enable me to fret a strong resilient member Within the rectan'guj-A lar interior of the nose piece 29 and one which is not apt tobend transversely to A I length. The rear portion of this resilient member 26, whether it be a spring or other suitable medium, bears upon a vertically recipro-A ,cating member 35 which is also formedfr'm being further bent upon the lines 33,433 tg. l form the 'cross sides'34, 34. Withln this nose piece 129 I mount some resilient material."

a blank stamped from sheet metal or other material and bent up vinto the shape shown in Fig. 12. This vertically reciprocating member may be actuated in various ways de,-

`pending upon the use towhich my mechanical movement is to be put. As I have showm myy invention used to operate an electric switch this reciprocating member 35 can'b'e:H operated by a push button V36 Whichf f1s-v formed of any suitable material and is 'pr'ovided with an-aperture 37 for the reception vof the upwardly extending member 38 which is secured within the opening 37 in `any. suit able manner. It is to be understood, how' v ever, as noted, ,that this upwardly extending member 38 maybe given-various shapes and configurations and may be variously operated. When the member 35 is bent up from'` ablank to assume its proper shape as shown'4 in Fig. 12, itis provided lwith a bottom 39 and a top 40, and a. closed end 41. Thebotr: v

tom 39 and the top40 of the vertically reciprocating member 35 serves to guide and hold the driving member comprising thelaterally movable member or nose piece 129 and its resilient member such as the coil spring 26, the rear end of whichbears upon the closed end 41 of the vertically reciprocating member 35. It will, therefore, be

readily seen that by this mounting the driv ing member 25has` a lateral movement withnt` relation to the vvertically reciprocating melmsnl'l ber 35, vbut that it is so heldl between the:`

bottom and top 39 and 40, respectively, of

the reciprocating member 35 that it has to move with it. As I have shown thebutton l' any other contour from that shown. This button-holding device 35, or vertically recipr rocating member is preferably provided with an integral lug 42, and an ear 43 extending on one side and an elongated ear 44 on the other side; this latterear 44 performs in the device shown several functions bein a part of the locking device, though for t e pur` pose of the immediate description its firs vton-holders right and lett.v

arsenic Atheir eXtreme ends 45, 45 do not touch the side members 4,4 thereby forming guide slots 47, 47 oppositely disposed in the cartridge (Fig. 6) within which slides the lug 42 (Fig, l2) of the button-holder. 1t is to be understood of course that when two button-holders, or vertically reciprocating members are used, the lugs 42 are placed upon theiropp site sides tocorrespond with the opposed guide slots 47, 47 which would make the but- The ear 43 crates in and is guided by the slot 48 oi? the side member 4 (Figs. 5 and 8). The opposed elongated ear 44 on the opposite side of the 'vertically reciprocating member or buttonholder 35 moves in and is guided by the slot and 6).

49 in the other side member 4 (Figs. y 5

Mounted on the aXle or pin 1.7 and therefore on the side ot the cartridge or support 1, l preferably mount two levers 20, 20 (Figs. 3 and 13) one on each side of die cartridge (Fig. 4), but` it isto be distinctly understood that one'such lever is'lsufficient for the successful operation of my invention. 1n the preferred construction of driven member, these levers, as noted, will be located in the enlarged portion 19, 19 of the stepped recesses 18, 18 (Figs. 15 and 4.) Each arm oi' the lever is preferably pro-V vided witlr a notch 50 for the reception oi' the ears 43 and 44 (Fig. 3). 1t will be noted that as these arms are guided in the respecV tive guide vslots 48 and 49, there must be relative movement between them and the levers. This is clear from Fig. 3 wherein one ear 44 isf shown as bearing approximately in. the notch or groove 50, while the corresponding ear on the other buttonholder is shown bearing on the enlargedend. 51 of the lever 20.

1 have shown my invention for purposes of illustration in connection with a double pole switch, though, of course, it would operato a single pole switch. For purposes of description the switch controlling one pole ot the double pole switch illustrated will bev described, it being understood that the other pole operates in a similar manner. On the ends of the wings 16, 16 and on the axle 17 l mount (omitting` the retarding plate) /insulating disks 52, 52 (Figs. 4 and 18).y provided with cnlargedopenings 53 of sufcient length to take over the two wings 16, 16. Between these insulating disks 52, 52 l mount a smaller insulating disk 54 also provided with an enlarged opening 55, and on this insulating disl; 54 l mount the movable vcontact of the switch. rthis movable contact may be formed in various ways and of various conducting materials.` 1 preferably, though not necessarily, form it out of a blank 56 (Fig. 16) `bending' the blank at57 to obtain the doubled movable Contact 24 (Figs. 1, 4 and 17). 1t will be seen that .by this constructiony veach arm 58 and 59 is formed of two opposed spring members 60, 60 which receive between them `the fiXed contacts 61, 62; the lixedcontact 61 cooper# ating with the arm58 and thexed contact 6.2-coperating with thev arm 59 of the `movable switch 24* (Fig. 1).. rlhis' movable contact 24 and its insulating disks are secured to the driven member 15 in any suitable manner suchv as by a washer 63 and. nuts 64. 1t, will therefore be clear that the rmovable contact 24 moves with and is controlledby the driven member 15. The fixed contacts 61 and 62 areconnected to the .wires 100 and 101, respectively, by theirrespective bind# ing posts 102 and 103.:

The operation of the parts so :tar described is as follows, it being understoodfthat only one driving member 25 -is used: Suitable pressure uponthe push button 36 bringing it from its elevated to its depressedposition as shown in Fig. 2 willcausethe driving member or vnose piece 25 to move `fromI the upper wing 16 to the-,lower wing 16, assuming the position shown in Fig. 2. It .is obvious that in this movement of the parts the driven member 15 will be caused to roclrand disconnect the electrical connection by m0ving the arms 58 yand 59 from their respective fixed contacts 6.1 and 62,. the movable contact 24 being .then in the position shown in Fig.

' 1. This downward movement of the push button 36 .with its buttonholder 35 operating on one side lever 20 through the ear 43 or an ear 44,will cause the correspondingbntton-holder` and button to be elevated and assume the position shown in Figs 2 and 3.

vThis will be true whether or not one or two side levers 2O are used. l 1t is therefore apparent that my mechanical movement will operate successfully simply with one driving member 25`and one side lever 20. The side lever or levers 20 move independently of the driven `member.

`1t has been found in' practice thatr it' is absolutelyd imperativelor a successful electric switch that the make and break be eX- ceedingly quick or rapid, to preventarcing at the contacts and the consequent burning out yof the switch, with the resultant damage to the installation and possible dam'- age to the house or Vother structure from lire. lt the driving member 25 moves merely upon a ilat unbroken surface of the driven member it has been found in practice that when the nose 29 would pass the center of the driven member by even an infinitesimal distance there was a certain irictional drag of the nose piece upon the driven'member tending to cause it to rock slowly which of course would result in the moving contact approaching o r receding, as the case may be,

to or from thef fixed contacts at a relatively slow speed which resulted in arcing and the destruction of thel switch. By my invention I eliminate this slow rocking of the driven member with the consequent relatively slow movement of the moving contact by mounting a member at the center .of the driven member so that it will take thethrust of the driving member when the driving member is at approximately the center of the driven member, and also at a slight distance on either side of the center of said driven member.

driven memberl tending to slowly rotate it and serves to store up power in the spring or resilient member of the driving member until such time as the nose 29'has reached `an appreciable distance from the center of the driven member. In the preferred construction, that' shown for instance in Figs. 2, 4 and 15, I divide the driven member 15 into two portions or wings 16, 16 and mount a pin or axle 17 between them, the axle then being the center lof the driven member. It is apparent that as the driving member contacts with the axle 17, a further movement eitherup or down of the vertically reciprocating member 35 will, on account of the inclination of the driven member cause the driving member 25 'to be forced toward the buttonholder or vertically reciprocating member 35 and store up energy 1n the spring 26, until such time as the nose 29 passes the axle or pin 17 vand contacts with the other wing 16, when the lstored energy in the spring will be instantly released and will lcause the driven member to be quickly rocked and consequently cause the movable contact of the switch to quickly make and break with the fixed contactsl 61 and 62. This is largely due not only to the fact that the frictional drag of the driving member o-n the driven member is eliminated when the nose 29 contacts with the pin or axle 17 but for the further fact that the stored up energy in the spring is not permitted to act upon the driven member until the nose 29 has reached an appreciable distance from the center-of the driven member which permits the power v This willprevent the 4drag' or fric-v tional pull ofthe driving memberfon the metal and are separately assembled in lthel` cartridge, the end pieces 4,4-being opened slightly for this purpose, if' necessary.

After they have been seated, the pin 17V which is separate and distinct from the wings 16, 16 is run through the apertures 14, 14 in the end pieces and between the respective wings, see Figs. 2, 4, 15 and 17.

While, as noted, I may use merely one driving member 25 I preferably use two such members on opposite'sides of vthe driven member as shown in the figures of the draw` ings. In some instances, though not necessarily, as my device will operate successfully without it, I may use an auxiliary spring to operate in connection with either one or both of' the vertically reciprocating members- 35. In Fig. 2 I have shown a flat spring 67 having two arms 68, 68 lying in thel path of the vertically reciprocating elements 35, 35 and which serves to assist them in their vertical upward movement. I' may, however, use separate coiled auxiliary springs 69 such as shownv in Fig. 20, though springs are,

preferably these auxiliary t omitted. These springs 67 and 69, when used, also act as buffers for the reciprocating member 35.

In addition 'to the elements above described Iy preferably, though not necessarily, use a locking device to retard the rocking of the driven member, with its moving contact,v untilsubstantially the maximum amount of energy has been stored in the springs forming a part of the driving members and until the noses 29, 29 have reached a point upon the driven member, removed from the center, so that their stored up energy may be applied with substantially the maximum effect to insure a oui'ck make and break between the moving contact 24'and the fixed contacts 61 and 62. I preferably accomplish this purpose ofretarding the driven member by means of a retarding plate 70 (Fig. 9) which is preferably stamped. out of sheet metal or other mate rial and is provided with two angular escapements l71, 7l which arev preferably formed integral with the plate 70. One of these plates 70 is mounted upon the wings 16, 16 by passing their ends through the apertures 72, 72 in the plate and passing the pin or axle 17 through the center aperture 73 in the retarding plate. This arrangement' insures' the retarding plate 70 rocking with the driven member 15 and consequently with the moving 'contact 24.

The elongated lears 44, 44 (Fig. 12) cooperate with the escapements 71, 71 of the retarding plate 70 Fig. 3). When the parts are in the position shown for instance in Fig. 3, if pressure is exerted upon the upper button 36 the buttonholder 35 connected to that button will of course move downward and will tend to carry with it the elevated l y sides, vertically reciprocating members car ferent parts of the driven member, one of the parts being mounted substantially at the center of the driven memberI 3. Ina mechanical movement, the combination of one or more laterally movable driving members, a plurality of vertically reciprocating members carrying the laterally movable driving members, one driving memried by the support, one or more laterally movable driving members carried by the vertically reciprocating member or members, one to each vertically reciprocating member, a

' vdriven member mounted on the support, and

als

one or moresidelevers mounted on` the driven member, and means between the reciprocating member or members and the lever or levers permitting the reciprocating members to'operate the lever or levers at different distances from the center of the lever or levers;` v

5. In a mechanicalmovement, the combination 'of ajsupport provided with means to support a driven member, a driven member mounted on the support, vertically reciproeating members mounted on the support, means carried -partlygby the support and partly by the vertically reciprocating members to guide thelatter, one or more laterally movable driving members, carried by the reciprocating member or members, one to each member, and one or more side levers pivotally mounted on the driven member and adapted to have independent movement with relation to it, and means slidingly connecting the vertically reciprocating members and the lever or levers.

6. In a' mechanical movement a cartridge formed from stamped sheet material and bent up into its required shape and provided with guide andv segmental slots, vertically reciprocating members mounted in the cartridge, one or more laterally and vertically movable driving members actuated by the vertically reciprocating members, guiding means on the vertically reciprocating members to coperate With the guide slots in the cartridge, means to connect the vertically reciprocatingy members, and a driven membersmounted in the segmental slots of the cartridge. l

7 .1.. In a mechanical movement a cartridge formed from stamped sheet material and the vertically reciprocating members to cooperate With theguide slots in the cartridge, means to connect the vertically reciprocating members, and a driven member mounted in the segmental slots and in the center bearing of the cartridge.

8. In`a mechanical movement, a cartridge formed from a stamped sheet metal and properly bent into shape, one or more driving members mounted in the cartridge and* supported independently of the securing plate, a driven member supported independ.

ently of the securing plate, and a securing plate connecting the sides of the cartridge Yand at the same time securing within the cartridge the movable part ofl ther mechanism.

9. A blank for making a cartridge for a mechanical movement, comprising a bottom piece, two integral side pieces, each provided With open v straight slots and with closed segmental slots, each side piece being provided With an integral end piece.

10. A blank for making a cartridge for a mechanical movement comprising a bottom piece, two integral side pieces, each provided With open straight slots and with closed segmental slots, each side piece being provided with an integral end piece, said end pieces being oppositely disposed on the blank. Y

ll. A blankor making a cartridge for a mechanical movement, comprising a bottom piece, two integral side pieces, each provided With open straight slots and with closed segmental slots, each side piece being provided with an integral end piece, said end pieces being oppositely disposed on the blank, and ears on the end pieces adapted to be bent out to form connecting means to secure the cartridge to a suitable supportp 12. In a mechanical movement the combimetal having guide and segmental slots and ends Which with the sides of the cartridge form additional guide slots, one or more connected vertically reciprocating members formed froml stamped metal and provided With ears and a lug to engage respectively v with guide the slot in the cartridge and With the additional guide slot formed by the side and end of the cartridge, driving member or members carried by the vertically reciprocating member or members, and a driven member mountedin the segmental slots:

13.! In an Aelectric switch the combination 115 nation of a cartridge stamped from sheet 1 of a support, two button holders mounted in the support, one or two driving members carried each by one button holder, a driven member formed of two wings provided with prising v cut away portions or recesses and a central pin or axle, one or more `side levers mounted on the pin andwithin' the recesses in the wings, means carried by the button holders to 'cooperate with the levers, a moving contact carried by the driven member and fixed contacts coperating with the movable contact.

14. In an electric switch the combination of-a support, two button holders mounted in the support, one or two driving members carried each by one button holder,'a driven member formed of ltwo wings provided with cut away portions or recesses and a central pin or aXle, one or more side levers mounted on the pin and within the recesses in the wings, means carried by the button holders to coperate with the levers, a moving contact carried by the driven member and fixed contacts coperating with the movable contact, and a locking device carried partly by the button holder and partly by the driven member.

15. An electric push button switch, coma cartridge provided with guide slots, two button holders and buttons having means to coperate with the guide slots in the cartridge, and meansto cause the button holders `to reciprocate alternately, member located between the button holders, one or more driving members carried by the Copie! a driven c otthil patent may be obtained for nve cents button holders and adapted to coperate with the driven member, and means on the support to secure 1t directly to an insulating base.

16. An electric push button switch, comprising a cartridge providedwith guide slots and with ears, two button holders and buttons having means to cooperate with the guide slots in the cartridge, and means to cause the button holders to reciprocate alternately, the button holders, and one or more driving members carried by the button holders and dapted to coperate with the driven memier.

17. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a support provided with opposed sides, vertically reciprocating members carried by the support, one or more laterally movable driving members carried by.- the vertically `reciprocating member or members, one. to each member, a driven member mounted on the support, and one or more side levers mounted on the driven member, and sliding means between the reciprocating member or members and the lever or levers ermitting the reciprocating members to sli e upon the lever or levers and operate them at dilerent distances from their center.

RALPH A. SCHOENBERG.

Witnesses:

ALLEN M. JOHNSON, ROSE MENK.

each, by addressing the commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. 0.

a driven member located between` vertically reciprocating 

